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Fall Alfalfa Fertilizer Applications
Fall is a perfect time to replace and correct the nutrients needed for next year. Potassium (K), phosphorous (P) and sulfur (S) applications in the fall are important for high-yield and...
March is a great time to assess your alfalfa stand as the plant starts to break dormancy and green up. Spring Stand Evaluation
1. Follow the Reading the Stand program to evaluate stand density and
crown health of each field. Minimum density: 5 plants/ft2 with 10 to
15 new shoots or buds on each crown.
2. Determine potential winter damage, may not be uniform across the
field (winter damage, winterkill, or heaving)
• Easiest way to check for winterkill is root damage.
• Winterkilled roots will have a gray, water-soaked appearance.
This will be noticeable just after soils thaws. Once water leaves
the root, the tissue will become brown, dehydrated and stringy.
If the root is soft and water can be easily squeezed from it, or is
brown, dry and stringy, it is most likely winter killed.
• Healthy crowns will have little to no discoloration; an unhealthy crown will have
significant discoloration and fewer buds/shoots which results in lower yield.
• Winter damage example: Ice ponding areas of the field
• Winterkill example: Soil temp <15oF without snow cover insulation.
• Heaving: The result of freeze and thaw periods, causing the root to be pushed
up out of the ground.
3. Rank winter injury fields on the farm; new seedings to older stands
4. As spring green up continues, revisit poor/damaged areas to determine action plan.
5. Discuss rotating poor stands to corn or forage sorghum
• Take advantage of nitrogen credits (100-140+ units)
• Seed new alfalfa on “fresh ground”. Keep in mind herbicide carryovers from
previous crop.
• When